HUBUNGAN ANTARA PENGETAHUAN DAN STATUS GIZI DENGAN KEJADIAN ANEMIA PADA REMAJA PUTRI DI KABUPATEN BADUNG
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47859/jmu.v5i2.156Keywords:
Anemia, Knowledge, Nutritional statusAbstract
Background: The prevalence of anemia in adolescent girls in Indonesia according to WHO reaches 30%, and in the 2013 Riskesdas report recorded 18.4% of adolescents have anemia with the highest percentage in the female sex of 23.9%. Anemia in adolescents can cause delay in physical growth and behavior and emotional disorders. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge about anemia and nutritional status with the incidence of anemia in young women in Badung Regency. Method: This study uses analytic cross sectional design with a sample of 106 adolescent girls aged 15-18 years in high school, Badung Regency. Data collection was carried out directly on respondents in each school, for anemia data was collected by examining blood samples or hematology panels (hemograms) with an Hematology Autoanalyzer tool, data on knowledge of anemia was carried out by means of interviews using questionnaire guidelines, and nutritional status data was carried out by how to measure anthropometry (body weight and height) to get a IMT value. The analysis conducted is univariate analysis to determine the distribution and frequency of variables and bivariate analysis using the Kai-Kuadrat/Chi-Square test with the help of the SPSS program. Result: The prevalence of anemia in young women is 13.2%. Most had normal nutritional status of 77.4%, while others were categorized as abnormal / malnutrition (2.8% thin, 17.0% fat, 2.8% obese). For the level of knowledge obtained, the majority of 77.4% have a good level of knowledge in the category of anemia. Kai-Square / Chi-Square test results showed that, there was a significant relationship between knowledge about anemia and anemia in adolescent girls (95% CI: 1.93-20.77; p = 0.003). There was no significant relationship between nutritional status and anemia in adolescent girls (p = 0.301). Conclusion: Poor knowledge about anemia is associated with the incidence of anemia in young women, whereas nutritional status is not related to the incidence in young women. It is expected that related parties make a policy regarding anemia screening and education activities especially for young women.
Keywords: Anemia; Knowledge; Nutritional status
References
Anggraini, L., Husaini, & Khairiati, L. (2017). The Correlation Of Menstrual Pattern and Knowledge Level About Anemia. Berkala Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, 62. Retrieved from www.fk.jtam.unlam.ac.id/index.php/bkm/article/view/143
Arisman. (2009). Buku Ajar Ilmu Gizi “Gizi Dalam Daur Kehidupan.” Jakarta: EGC.
Arumsari, E. (2008). Faktor Risiko Anemia Pada Remaja Putri Peserta Program Pencegahan dan Penanggulangan Anemia Gizi Besi (PPAGB) Di Kota Bekasi. Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Kementrian Kesehatan RI. (2013). Riset Kesehatan Dasar Tahun 2013. Jakarta.
Balci, Y. I., Karabulut, A., Gurses, D., & Covut, I. E. (2012). Prevalence and Risk Factors of Anemia among Adolescents in Denizli , Turkey. Iran J Pediatr, 22(1), 77–81.
Citrakesumasari. (2012). Anemia Gizi Masalah dan Pencegahannya (1st ed.). Yogyakarta: Kalika.
Dambal, S., & Panneerselvam, S. (2018). Asian Pacific Journal of Nursing. Asian Pacific Journal of Nursing, 5(1)(January), 7–8.
Farida, I., Widajanti, L., & Pradigdo, S. F. (2013). Determinan kejadian anemia pada remaja putri di Kecamatan Gebog Kabupaten Kudus tahun 2006. Retrieved July 31, 2018, from https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/jgi/article/view/6154
Hapzah, & Yulita, R. (2012). Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Dan Status Gizi Terhadap Kejadian Anemia Remaja Putri Pada Siswi Kelas III Di SMAN 1 Tinambung Kabupaten Polewali Mandar. Media Gizi Pangan, XIII(1), 20–25.
Indartanti, D., & Kartini, A. (2014). Hubungan Status Gizi dengan Kejadian Anemia Pada Remaja Putri. Journal of Nutrition College, 3, 33–39. Retrieved from http://ejournal-s1.undip.ac.id/index.php/jnc
Nead, K. G., Halterman, J. S., Kaczorowski, J. M., Auinger, P., & Weitzman, M. (2004). Overweight Children and Adolescents : A Risk Group for Iron Deficiency. Pediatrics, 114(1), 104–114.
WHO. (2011). Haemoglobin Concentration For the Diagnosis of Anemia and Assessment of Severity. Geneva.
Widarini, N. P. (2008). Asupan zat gizi dan kejadian anemia pada remaja putri vegetarian di Kabupaten badung provinsi Bali. Universitas Gadjah Mada.
